When you are awakened while sleeping, it is very likely that this disease is causing trouble. Be careful!

When you are awakened while sleeping, it is very likely that this disease is causing trouble. Be careful!

Sleeping is really a very happy thing, but if you are awakened by a thunderous snoring sound on a sound night, this is really too bad for your mood.

But do you know? Being awakened by snoring is small, and sudden death due to sleep apnea syndrome is big! Studies have shown that if a person has more than 20 apneas per hour during sleep, the 5-year mortality rate will exceed 11%, and the 8-year mortality rate will reach 37%. About 3000 people worldwide die every day from sleep apnea syndrome and related disease.

What is apnea syndrome?

Sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a sleep-disordered disease of unknown etiology. Clinical manifestations include sleep snoring at night with apnea and daytime sleepiness.

Hypoxia and hypercapnia caused by repeated episodes of apnea at night can lead to complications such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and cerebrovascular disease, traffic accidents, and even sudden death at night. Therefore, SAS is a potentially lethal sleep respiratory disease, and its incidence in the population is about 2% to 4%.

Studies have shown that the death rate of patients with apnea and cardiovascular disease is significantly higher than that of the normal population, and arrhythmia at night in patients with apnea is one of the main causes of sudden death.

Types of SAS-induced arrhythmias

1. Tachyarrhythmia:

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the common arrhythmias in clinic.

A large number of studies have shown that atrial fibrillation is closely related to apnea syndrome. Apnea syndrome not only promotes the occurrence and development of atrial fibrillation, but also has a great impact on the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

2. Bradyarrhythmia:

According to clinical reports, bradyarrhythmia is more common in patients with apnea syndrome than in healthy subjects of the same age, and its incidence is between 5% and 50%.

Current hospital monitoring and diagnosis equipment for SAS

Polysomnography (PSG) is currently the diagnostic method for diagnosis of SAS, but it also has its limitations in clinical application.

PSG requires patients to be monitored in the sleep laboratory all night. There are many sensors attached, and the patient's compliance and tolerance are poor, which can directly affect the quality of sleep and thus affect the monitoring results. If you can't fall asleep at night, you can't draw a correct conclusion.

Moreover, during sleep monitoring, patients often fail to monitor due to activities such as turning over, which leads to the failure of monitoring. Repeated inspections are often required, resulting in waste of manpower, material resources, and time.

PSG inspection requires a complex medical technology environment and professionals, and the medical cost is high, so the inspection cost is high. For the above reasons, PSG's public awareness and popularity are low.

So, is there a better solution?

Smart solutions

From the perspective of physiological system, the heart rate of normal people is regulated by sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve. Normal people are dominated by parasympathetic nerves during sleep, which makes their heart rate and pulse slow. But apnea during sleep can cause a decrease in heart rate or even cardiac arrest. When apnea ends, it causes sympathetic nerve excitement and heart rate increases.

Heart rate variability is the change in the interval between consecutive heart beats, which is mainly determined by the external adjustment of heart rate. Heart rate variability is considered to reflect the heart's ability to adapt to changing environments by detecting and responding to unpredictable stimuli quickly. Heart rate variability analysis can be used to assess the health of the entire heart system and the state of the autonomic nervous system responsible for controlling heart activity.

Heart rate variability is a reflection of the impact of many physiological factors on normal heart rhythm changes. In fact, it provides a powerful way to observe and analyze the relationship between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.

The detection of sleep apnea syndrome through the relevant information of heart rate variability can be divided into the following steps:

1. Heartbeat detection and positioning;

2. Hilbert transform;

3. Calculation of instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequency;

4. Make comprehensive decision judgment based on instantaneous characteristics.

in conclusion

Compared with PSG, the biggest advantages of applying electrocardiographic screening SAS are convenient, fast, easy to use, portable, monitoring is not restricted by location, sleep disturbance is small, and patients are easy to accept. The ECG analysis software is easy to operate, has short calculation time, and saves time and effort.

Many studies have confirmed that SAS is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction and stroke.

The granule ECG can not only analyze the patient's 24h ECG, but also perform SAS screening. Arrhythmia monitoring and sleep apnea screening can be performed simultaneously.

This is of great significance to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, Granen ECG can be used as a screening tool for SAS in the population, especially cardiovascular patients, and has unique clinical practical value.