Use of ECG monitor

Use of ECG monitor
Ecg monitor is widely used in clinical departments and pre-hospital first aid, which is convenient to better observe the patient's condition changes and vital signs, especially in intensive care unit and emergency room. as a pre-hospital first aid personnel should be familiar with the precautions of this operation.
EEG machine Ecg monitor is increasingly loved and relied on by medical staff, patients and relatives due to its high accuracy, convenience and practicality. Paying attention to correct operation and maintenance in daily application will bring a lot of convenience to medical personnel and help greatly to improve the quality of medical care.

First, the ECG monitor using steps
Due to different manufacturers and different models, the use method is also different, but the overall steps are as follows:
1. connect the power supply → turn on the machine
2. ECG monitoring, usually using analog limb leads ( depending on the manufacturer: white, black, red; Red, yellow and blue; I.e., right upper limb, left upper limb, left lower limb ). The five leads generally include chest leads, and heart leads can also be selected according to the patient's condition. the corresponding English letters are marked on each connector.
3. connect the blood oxygen probe, and pay attention to the red luminous surface and nail adhesion.
4. connect the cuff and adjust the blood pressure monitoring time.
5. adjust the parameters of each indicator, i.e. upper and lower limit values, alarm indicators, etc.
6. common indicators include heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, blood pressure, respiratory frequency and body temperature.
Second, ECG monitor lead placement position
The locations where the three colors of the lead wires of the ECG monitor are respectively connected are:
Negative electrode ( red-white ): lower edge of middle point of right clavicle;
Positive electrode ( yellow - black ): the fourth intercostal space at the front of the left axillary line;
Ground electrode ( green - red ): sword process lower to right.
The locations where the five colors of the lead wires of the ECG monitor are respectively connected are:
White line ( ra ): the intersection between the midline of the right clavicle and the second rib;
Black line ( la ): the intersection between the midline of the left clavicle and the second rib;
Red line ( ll ): lower left abdomen;
Green line ( rl ): lower right abdomen;
Brown line ( c ): 4th intercostal space on the right edge of C1 sternum
4th intercostal space on left edge of C2 sternum
Middle point of C3 C2 and C4 two-point connection
Intersection of C4 clavicle midline and 5th rib
Intersection of C5 left axillary front line and v4 at the same level
Intersection of C6 left axillary midline and v4 at the same level
These six kinds refer to the chest electrodes at six positions, i.e. only one of C1 - C6 is attached to the v or c chest electrodes when the electrodes are attached to the measurement.
What is the difference between three and three leads and five leads?
The three-lead ECG leads can only obtain standard leads I, ii and iii ECG.
Five - lead ECG leads can obtain I, ii, iii, AVR, AVF, AVL, v - lead ECG.
In order to facilitate quick connection, everyone uses the color marking method to quickly stick electrode plates at corresponding positions. The color of the three-lead ECG leads is marked as red, yellow, green or white, black, and red. The color of the five-lead ECG leads is marked as white, black, red, green and brown.
The positions of electrode plates placed on conductors of the same color in the two specifications are not the same. the English abbreviations ra, la, rl, ll, and c are used to determine the positions which are more reliable than the memory colors.
Iv. precautions for use of ECG monitor
1. clean the surface of the measuring part with 75 % alcohol, in order to remove the stratum corneum and sweat stains on human skin and prevent poor contact of electrode plates.
2. be sure to connect the ground wire, which will play a very important role in the normal display of the waveform.
3. choosing the appropriate type of blood pressure cuff according to the patient's condition is different for adults, children and newborns. different specifications of cuff must be used. here, only adults are taken as an example.
4. the cuff should be wound 1 ~ 2 cm above the elbow joint of the patient after being unfolded, and the degree of tightness should be appropriate to be able to insert 1 ~ 2 fingers. Too loose may lead to high pressure measurement. Too tight may lead to low pressure measurement, at the same time it will make the patient uncomfortable and affect the recovery of blood pressure in the patient's arm. The cuff catheter should be placed at the brachial artery and the catheter should be on the extension line of the middle finger.
5. the arm should be level with the human heart. when the blood pressure cuff is inflated, the patient should be told not to talk or move.
6. the pressure measuring arm should not be used to measure the body temperature at the same time, which will affect the accuracy of the body temperature value.
7. intravenous drip or malignant trauma should not be given, otherwise blood will flow back or the wound will bleed.
8. the patient's nails should not be too long. they should not have any stain, dirt or gray nails.
9. the blood oxygen probe should be placed separately from the blood pressure measuring arm because blood flow is blocked when blood pressure is measured, and no bleeding oxygen is measured at this time, and the word " blood oxygen probe falls off" is displayed on the screen.
10. generally choose lead ii to observe and record heart rate and rhythm.
V. maintenance of ECG monitor
Dust - proof, moisture - proof, heat-proof ( usually the temperature should be kept at 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃ to avoid direct sunlight ), vibration - proof, corrosion - proof, etc.
Wipe the blood oxygen probe, lead wire, display screen, host computer, power cord etc. with 75 % alcohol regularly. Both AC and DC must be kept in good condition.